Navigating the Risks of Berry Consumption: What You Need to Know

In an ideal world, enjoying a handful of fresh berries would be a carefree experience, enhancing smoothies and yogurts with their vibrant flavors and health benefits. However, the reality is that these delicious fruits can sometimes carry the risk of contamination from foodborne illnesses. This concern has prompted the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to announce a new strategy aimed at reducing the risk of viruses in berries, particularly norovirus and hepatitis A.

On January 17, 2025, the FDA outlined its approach to enhance food safety compliance, expand scientific understanding of viruses, and encourage public health measures, including immunization programs for workers in the berry industry. This initiative is crucial as it addresses the complexities surrounding food safety and the potential risks associated with berry consumption.

Norovirus and hepatitis A are the viruses of greatest concern when it comes to berry contamination. Norovirus is notorious for causing severe gastrointestinal distress, including vomiting and diarrhea, while hepatitis A affects the liver and can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, joint pain, and jaundice. Understanding these risks is essential for consumers who enjoy berries.

While all types of berries can be susceptible to contamination, frozen berries are particularly problematic. According to a joint panel from the United Nations and World Health Organization, frozen berries pose the highest global health burden in terms of viral transmission. The freezing process, while preserving the berries, also allows viruses like norovirus and hepatitis A to remain viable and infectious.

The primary concern arises during the harvesting process. Berries are typically hand-picked, often by workers who may lack proper hygiene training or access to sanitation facilities. If a worker is infected with norovirus or hepatitis A and does not wash their hands adequately, the risk of transferring these viruses to the berries increases. Although outbreaks related to berries remain relatively rare, the persistence of these viruses poses a significant challenge.

To mitigate the risk of contamination, consumers are encouraged to take proactive steps. Research suggests that washing berries with a mixture of water and fruit and vegetable sanitizers containing peroxyacetic acid and hydrogen peroxide can effectively reduce the presence of norovirus and hepatitis A. It’s also crucial to wash all berries thoroughly, even those labeled as “pre-washed.” As food safety expert Darin Detwiler emphasizes, taking this simple precaution can help ensure that your berries are safe to eat.

In conclusion, while the enjoyment of berries can be accompanied by certain risks, understanding these risks and implementing safety measures can help consumers enjoy these nutritious fruits with greater peace of mind. As the FDA works to enhance food safety protocols, staying informed and vigilant is key to protecting your health while savoring the natural sweetness of berries.